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Climate monitoring in Portugal

Explore each location's usual climate, compare regions of the country, and check drought and agrometeorology indicators and climate evolution in Portugal over time

CHELSA 1991–2020 data

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Climate maps

CHELSA 1991–2020 data · Hover over or touch the map to view values

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Soil moisture and snow

Mainland Portugal · View values on the map

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Meteorological drought

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Climate evolution

Observed evolution between 1950 and 2025 · 1991–2020 climate reference

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Annual evolution

Valor anual 10-year moving average Trend since 1991

The year so far

Temperature and accumulated precipitation by region or municipality · monthly comparison with the existing CHELSA reference

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Glossary
Climate anomalyDifference between an observed value and the reference mean for the same period.
Temperature anomalyDifference, in °C, between observed temperature and the reference climate normal.
Climate normalMean calculated over a 30-year period. The reference used on this page is 1991–2020.
Trend per decadeEstimated mean change over each ten-year period. It does not represent change in an individual year.
E-OBSEuropean observational dataset interpolated onto a regular grid. Each cell represents an area, not an individual weather station.
GrelhaDivision into geographic cells used to represent and compare weather and climate data.
TG — mean temperatureDaily or monthly mean temperature, depending on the chart or map shown.
TN — minimum temperatureMinimum temperature recorded each day and aggregated over the displayed period.
TX — maximum temperatureMaximum temperature recorded each day and aggregated over the displayed period.
RR — precipitationPrecipitation accumulated over the specified period, usually expressed in millimetres.
SPI — Standardised Precipitation IndexCompara a precipitação acumulada num período com a distribuição histórica. Valores negativos indicam períodos mais secos do que o habitual; valores positivos, mais húmidos.
PDSI — Palmer Drought Severity IndexDrought index considering precipitation, temperature and soil water balance. More negative values indicate drier conditions.
Soil moistureWater present in the soil. Plant availability also depends on soil type and the depth considered.
PWP — permanent wilting pointSoil water content below which plants can no longer recover normal turgor.
FC — field capacityWater retained by soil after excess water has drained under gravity.
PWP–FC indexRepresents plant-available water between permanent wilting point and field capacity, at the specified depth.
Chill hoursAccumulated hours under temperature conditions considered relevant to dormancy and development in certain crops.
Accumulated precipitationSoma da precipitação ao longo do intervalo apresentado; não indica, por si só, a intensidade de cada episódio.
Recent periodLatest interval available in the data. Its anomaly is calculated against the specified reference period.
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